The 68% of the rural population without access to an improved water source relied on surface water (50%), unprotected wells (9%) and unprotected springs (9%). Before 2017, this province included the area that is now the North West Province of Sierra Leone. The Sierra Leone Police is headed by the Inspector General of Police, the professional head of the Sierra Leone Police force, who is appointed by the president of Sierra Leone. However, the damage and way to deal with the effects of war depends on the gender of the kids. If no candidate gets 55%, there is a second-round runoff between the top two candidates. It works to prevent crime, protect life and property, detect and prosecute offenders, maintain public order, ensure safety and security, and enhance access to justice. In eastern Sierra Leone the plateau is interspersed with high mountains, where Mount Bintumani reaches 1,948m (6,391ft), the highest point in the country. The Yalunka also spelled Jallonke, Yalonga, Djallonk, Djallonka or Dialonk, are Mande people who have lived in the Djallon, a mountainous region in Sierra Leone, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau and Guinea Conakry West Africa over 520 years ago. Krio (derived from English and several indigenous African languages, and the language of the Sierra Leone Krio people) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. Ahmadiyya Muslims make up about 10% of the country's Muslim population. The country's national television network, The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC) broadcasts the national football team live match, along with many local radio stations across the country. The Eastern Province is divided into three districts: Located in the northern region of Sierra Leone is the countrys Northern Province. [233], Mental healthcare in Sierra Leone is almost non-existent. [39] However, on the voyage between Plymouth, England and Sierra Leone, seventy European girlfriends and wives accompanied the Black Poor settlers. [177][178][179] Most the major Muslim and Christian holidays are officially national holidays in the country, and religious conflict is rare.[180]. The current Inspector General of Police is Brima Acha Kamara, who was appointed to the position by former president Ahmad Tejan Kabbah. Its capital and largest town is Bendugu. In 1978, the APC-dominant parliament approved a new constitution making the country a one-party state. Oftentimes the documentation would be overwhelmingly subjective and would result in inaccurate entries, making them difficult to track. [225], According to 2017 estimates, Sierra Leone has the third highest maternal mortality rate in the world. The amount of illegal fishing has significantly depleted fish stocks, depriving local fishing communities of an important resource for survival. Habitat degradation for the African wild dog, Lycaon pictus, has been increased, such that this canid is deemed to have been extirpated in Sierra Leone. The Temne predominate in the Northern Sierra Leone and some areas around the capital of Sierra Leone. The brutal civil war that was going on in neighbouring Liberia played a significant role in the outbreak of fighting in Sierra Leone. Hence, the country formally became known as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate or simply British Sierra Leone. [213] Students at primary schools are usually 6 to 12 years old, and in secondary schools 13 to 18. It is estimated that there will be a 30% to 40% cost reduction on solar products with the lack of duties and taxes. Many of the Sierra Leone national team footballers play for teams based in Europe although virtually all of them started professional football in the Sierra Leone National Premier League. [55] As the Liberated Africans became successful traders[54] and spread Christianity throughout West Africa, they intermarried with the Nova Scotians and Maroons, and the two groups eventually became a fusion of African and Western societies. [153] In the 1970s and early 1980s, economic growth rate slowed because of a decline in the mining sector and increasing corruption among government officials. In January 1970, Bangura was arrested and charged with conspiracy and plotting to commit a coup against the Stevens government. One traditional leader from each district occupies a seat in Sierra Leone's parliament . Margai was accused of favouring members of his own Mende ethnic group for prominent positions. Headquarters district formed from coastal sections of Karene and Ronietta. [227] As of 2014[update], Sierra Leone was estimated as having the 11th highest infant mortality rate in the world. However, on 23 March 1967, a group of military officers in the Sierra Leone Army led by Brigadier General Andrew Juxon-Smith, staged a counter coup against Commander Lansana. ", War and state collapse: The case of Sierra Leone, "NPRC's Komba Kambo Speaks After Eleven Years Of Silence! In April 2010, the SLBS merged with the United Nations peacekeeping radio station in Sierra Leone to form the Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation,[246][247] the government-owned current national broadcaster in Sierra Leone. The Mende predominate in South-Eastern Sierra Leone (with the exception of Kono District). Sierra Leone is a West African country near the Atlantic Ocean. Each of the country's 14 districts is represented in parliament. The AWC- Aberdeen Women's Centre in Freetown, the second busiest hospital in Sierra Leone, delivering up to 3000 babies each year. Female. The reasons for the significant differences between the 2015 and 2021 figures are unclear. 50%. Prior to 2017, the area of the North West Province was included in the Northern Province, and its cumulative area measured 35,936 square kilometers (13,874 square miles). The first of the 6,000-member force began arriving in December, and the UN Security Council voted in February 2000 to increase the force to 11,000, and later to 13,000. President Momoh named James Bambay Kamara as the head of the Sierra Leone Police. [237], According to a national survey carried out in 2006, 84% of the urban population and 32% of the rural population had access to an improved water source. In October 1990, owing to mounting pressure from both within and outside the country for political and economic reforms, president Momoh set up a constitutional review commission to assess the 1978 one-party constitution. It is the fifth-largest city in Sierra Leone, and the Tenme people make up the largest ethnic group in the city. Prior to conducting the election, Sierra Leoneans and international stakeholders were involved in a major debate on whether the nation should focus on trying to end the long running civil war, or to conduct elections and hence returning governance back to a civilian-led administration with a multi-party system of parliament that would provide the foundation for long-lasting peace and national prosperity. The provinces of Sierra Leone are divided into 16 districts, as of July 2017. [56][57][58][59], The settlement of Sierra Leone in the 1800s was unique in that the population was composed of displaced Africans who were brought to the colony after the British abolition of the slave trade in 1807. There are five hundred Ahmadiyya Mosque across Sierra Leone. [224][225] Yellow fever and malaria are endemic to Sierra Leone. [189][190][191][192][193] Other Christian Protestant denominations with significant presence in the country include Presbyterians,[194] Baptists,[195] Seventh-day Adventists[196] Anglicans,[197] Lutherans,[198][199] and Pentecostals. A key indicator of success will be the effectiveness of government management of its diamond sector. [221] The founding members of the Coalition included the Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (the first chairing organisation), LFR International (proposed the formation), the University of Makeni, Agency for Rural Community Transformation, and the Holy Spirit Hospital. GTV subsequently went out of business, leaving DStv as the only provider of subscription satellite television in the country. [38] Many of these Loyalists had been slaves who had escaped to join the British, lured by promises of freedom (emancipation). Current ratio of men and women in absolute and relative values in Bo District, Sierra Leone. The ACRM junta arrested many senior NRC members. The capital of this province is the city of Bo, and the largest ethnic group is the Mende ethnic group. Fourteen clubs from across the country compete in the Sierra Leone Premier League. [97] By the end of 2014 there were nearly 3000 deaths and about 10,000 cases of the disease in Sierra Leone. Turay, a key loyalist of ousted president Momoh. Reference Location: Bombali District, Sierra Leone. The Sierra Leonean Government is constitutionally forbidden from establishing a state religion, though Muslim and Christian prayers are usually held in the country at the beginning of major political occasions, including presidential inaugurations and the official opening of the new session of Parliament. In 1562, the English initiated the Triangular Trade when admiral Sir John Hawkins of the Royal Navy transported 300 enslaved Africans acquired "by the sword and partly by other means" to the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo on Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea area of the West Indies islands, where he sold them. The third-largest ethnic group are the Limba at about 8.4% of the population. The Sierra Leone Police under Bambay Kamara's leadership was accused of physical violence, arrest and intimidation against critics of President Momoh's government. [223], Sierra Leone suffers from epidemic outbreaks of diseases, including yellow fever, cholera, Ebola, lassa fever and meningitis. There are a few internationally linked automated teller machines that accept Visa cards in Freetown operated by ProCredit Bank. They are the original owners of the Futa Djallon region covered by a vars land area both the Susu and Yalunka people are descendants of the Mande people. Also in 2004, a UN-backed war crimes court began holding trials of senior leaders from both sides of the war. Media in Sierra Leone began with the introduction of the first printing press in Africa at the start of the 19th century. [79] Bonthe is one of the sixteen districts of Sierra Leone. Bureh was allowed to return in 1905, when he resumed his chieftaincy of Kasseh. Stevens had campaigned on a platform of bringing the tribes together under socialist principles. Makeni is home to the largest private university in Sierra Leone; University of Makeni and St. Francis Secondary School which is one of Sierra Leone's most prominent schools. [52], On 1 January 1808, Thomas Ludlam, the Governor of the Sierra Leone Company and a leading abolitionist, surrendered the company's charter. The president appoints and heads a cabinet of ministers, which must be approved by the Parliament. 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