A map of the route taken by the Viking Great Heathen Army which arrived in England from Denmark, Norway, and southern Sweden in 865. The Battle of Edington is a decisive military engagement. The Battle of Buttington was fought in 893 [a] between a Viking army and an alliance of Anglo-Saxons and Welsh. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle attempts to convey the impression that Alfred held the initiative; it is "a bland chronicle which laconically charts the movements of the Danish victors while at the same time disingenuously striving to convey the impression that Alfred was in control",[14] although it fails. Further Danish forces had settled on the land before Guthrum attacked Wessex: in East Anglia, and in Mercia between the treaty at Exeter and the attack on Chippenham; many others were lost in a storm off Swanage in 876877, with 120 ships wrecked. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps. Battle of Edington - Battle in Wiltshire at which Alfred the Great defeated a Danish army, forcing them to withdraw from Wessex into East Anglia Battle of Edington, 878 Home - Book Shop - Wars - Battles - Biographies - Timeline - Weapons - Blog - Full Index - Subjects - Concepts - Country - Documents - Pictures & Maps As a result, Guthrum and many of his leading . Many of the men in the counties around (Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire) who had not already fled rallied to him there. Moving inside the country in the English rivers, they began burning villages and forcing civilians to flee before their advance. Katy Isd Baseball Tournament 2022, Select from premium Battle Of Edington of the highest quality. Despite the victory of the king of Wessex Ethelred over the Great Heathen Army at the battle of Ashdown fought in 871, Viking leaders - the sons of Ragnar Lo. Guthrum or Guthrum the Unlucky (later known as thelstan of East Anglia) was a main character and former antagonist in both The Saxon Stories novel series, and The Last Kingdom television series. The new king benefited from a lull in the onslaught until 876, when Danish attacks resumed in earnest. Battle of Edington Conflict Viking invasions in England Date 12 May 878 Place Edington, Wiltunscire, Kingdom of Wessex Outcome Wessex victory Combatants Kingdom of Wessex Danelaw Vikings Commanders Alfred the Great Guthrum Strength 2,000-6,000 ~4,000 Casualties Unknown Thousands In a battle far away I get somewhat severely wounded and even though I will surely survive my wounds I won't be able to walk on my . The indicates that the character was not fighting during the event. A Total War Saga: Thrones of Britannia. They captured Chippenham and forced Alfred to retreat "with a small force" into the wilderness. For the first time in nearly 80 years, the land is in a fragile . The kingdom of Mercia was divided up, with part going to Alfred's Wessex and the other part to Guthrum's East Anglia. Frna . Alfred and the battle of Edington: how the King of Wessex became great; . 821 AD By May he was ready to attack again and encountered Guthrum's Danes at Edington, near Westbury on the Wiltshire downs. [5] The annals do not report the size of the army, but modern estimates suggest between five hundred and a thousand men. The following year the army went to East Anglia, where it settled. Let's throw a little light into the Dark Ages. Interested in participating in the Publishing Partner Program? The major Allied powers were Britain, France, Russia, China and the United States. Viking Invasion of British Isles Worksheets. Primary sources locate the battle at "Eandun". But for the average person, I don't think much would have changed over time. Their leader: Alfred the Great. Not long afterward, a great army of Vikings invaded, swiftly moving through Northumbria, East Anglia, and Mercia. Although the battle was indecisive the Vikings suffered huge Before its destruction, this version had been transcribed and annotated; it is this transcription on which modern translations are based. Vimeiro, battle of, 1808. Omissions? Next The kingdom of Mercia was divided up, with part going to Alfred's Wessex and the other part to Guthrum's East Anglia. The next day, Alfred's host moved to Iley Oak, and then the day after that to Eandun. Of course, at times, tension or violence would flare up between different polities, especially as the geopolitical map began to shift in the late ninth century and early 10th century. Alfred seems at this time to have ineffectually chased the Danes around Wessex, while the Danes were in a position to do as they pleased. Alternatives to Edington, Wiltshire, have been suggested since early times. The location of Ashdown is not known, but may be Kingstanding Hill [a] in Berkshire. However, Viking warriors emerged from makeshift barricades covered by the leaves and attacked the now unarmed first Saxon ranks. Their leader: Alfred the Great. This name continues to be used. King Harald Ivar Hvitserk King Alfred Bishop Aldulf Can You Eat Resiniferatoxin, It might not seem it. Primary sources locate the battle at "Eandun". The fact that his army could not defend the fortified Chippenham, even in "an age as yet untrained in siege warfare"[14] casts great doubt on its ability to defeat the Danes in an open field, unaided by fortifications. Articles such as this one were acquired and published with the primary aim of expanding the information on Britannica.com with greater speed and efficiency than has traditionally been possible. Date: May 878: Location: Probably Edington, Wiltshire. After the victory, when the Danes had taken refuge in the fortress, the West Saxons removed all food that the Danes might be able to capture in a sortie, and waited. Edington, Wiltshire, is known to have been part of Alfred's family estate. As with every major battle, the events preceding and following Ethandun were as important as the battle itself. Both sides fight each other. Although these articles may currently differ in style from others on the site, they allow us to provide wider coverage of topics sought by our readers, through a diverse range of trusted voices. Bratton '11. [13] (It is to this period that the story of Alfred burning the cakes belongs.[16]). It might not seem it. The year is 878 AD, the embattled English king Alfred the Great has mounted a heroic defence at the battle of Edington, and blunted the Viking invasion. Northampton, battle of Burkitt suggests that on philological grounds, Brixton Deverill may be a contender for the site. axis Countries which fought on the German side including Italy, Germany and Japan. Decisive Wessex victory The Great Heathen Army is crushed by the deaths of its leaders Harald and Ivar Hvitserk is captured BBC Radio 4 Archive Programme In Our Time: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Edington&oldid=1117190568, This page was last edited on 20 October 2022, at 11:27. Gangster Disciples Knowledge, The primary sources for the location of the battle are Asser's Life of King Alfred, which names the place as "Ethandun" and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which has Eandune. BLUE = Guthrum's forces. Edington is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) east-northeast of Westbury.The village lies under the north slope of Salisbury Plain and the parish extends south onto the Plain. Result Ivar then roared, proclaiming that he is Ivar the Boneless and passionately attempted to inspire his forces until a young Saxon soldier approached and stabbed Ivar repeatedly before retreating. Alfred gains his army. Its supposed site in Carnoustie, Angus can be seen in early Ordnance Survey maps. In the 19th century there was a resurgence in interest of medieval history and King Alfred was seen as a major hero. Chastened - but not yet broken - the Norse warlords have settled across Britain. The Oxford Companion to British History. In the seventh week after Easter, or between 4 and 7 May, Alfred called a levy at Ecgbryhtesstan (Egbert's Stone). The first Viking raid on Anglo-Saxon England is thought to have occurred between 786 and 802 at Portland in the Kingdom of Wessex, when three Norse ships arrived; their men killed King Beorhtric's reeve. After a heartfelt farewell to his brother, Hvitserk ran and took cover amidst the slaughter. Wessex had always been the focal point for Viking raids and invasions. Encyclopedia.com. Some scholars have suggested that Asser's life of King Alfred was a forgery. Hist. At the start of the year, the Vikings, led by Guthrum (one of many self-proclaimed Danish kings) broke previous terms of peace between him and Alfred and launched a surprise attack on Chippenham, where Alfred was staying over the winter. The Yorkist leadership fled abroad after its ignominious and precipitate f, Battle of the Spurs The converted Guthrum took the baptismal name of Athelstan. In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum defined the boundaries of their two kingdoms. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Even if Alfred had caught up with the Danish force, it is unlikely that he could have accomplished anything. [41][42], Three weeks after the battle, Guthrum was baptised at Aller in Somerset with Alfred as his sponsor. [8] So he retreated to the south, preparing himself and his forces for another battle, and then defeated Guthrum and his host. Guthrum came to England with an initial force of six hundred warriors, but soon gains more influence among the . Campaign Edington, battle of, 878 Eggmuhl, battle of , 22 April 1809 Eilbote (Courier), Operation, 18 January-February 1943 El Agheila or Mersa Brega, battle of, 12-18 December 1942 El Alamein, first battle of, 1-27 July 1942 El Alamein, second battle of, 23 October-4 November 1942 Elandslaagte, battle of, 21 October 1899 Elba, battle of, 28 August 1652 The Battle of Edington is a decisive military engagement. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The first Viking raid on Anglo-Saxon England is thought to have occurred between 786 and 802 at Portland in the Kingdom of Wessex, when three Norse ships arrived; their men killed King Beorhtric's reeve. It is believed that Asser's Life was originally written in 893; however, no contemporary manuscript survives. Hastings, battle of, 1066. In this year, Alfred succeeded his brother Ethelred, who died after the Battle of Merton. According to the Life: "Fighting ferociously, forming a dense shield-wall against the whole army of the Pagans, and striving long and bravelyat last he [Alfred] gained the victory. Four months is a long time. The king was lucky to escape, taking refuge with a handful of followers in the depths of the Somerset marshes at Athelney. The Danes attacked Chippenham "in midwinter after Twelfth Night", probably during the night of 67 January 878. Result. Please join us now and help preserve these priceless historical sites for everyone to understand and enjoy. At the cathedral in Winchester, Alfred orders his bishop to baptize Hvitserk and as a result makes him a Saxon prince as well as giving him land in East Anglia. A list of Battle-related questions. In 878 Alfred the Great, king of the Wessex, attacked the Danish territory of England. Vol 4 Ep 25 - BATTLE - The Battle of Edington ( 878 ) 878 - The inevitable showdown between the Danish Vikings whose intensity against the Anglo-Saxons reached breaking point. British troops under Arthur Wellesley (Wellington), Bannockburn, battle of Alfred then ordered that Hvitserk be spared as he is one of the last surviving sons of Ragnar Lothbrok and makes great plans for him. In southwest England, an army of villagers and farmers gathers to take part in the decisive event of their times. Hide Map Menu. In this year, Alfred succeeded his brother Ethelred, who died after the Battle of Merton. In this map, each solid arrow represents an advance, while the dashed arrows show retreats. Fought on 14 October at what is now Battle (Sussex), where William the Conqueror ordered the construct, Battle of Northampton He overthrew the Pagans with great slaughter, and smiting the fugitives, he pursued them as far as the fortress.". Both armies charged at each other and hand-to-hand fighting emerged. It tried to provide a framework that would minimise conflict and regulate commerce between the two peoples. In Search of the Dark Ages. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. After Father Beocca throws him a spear, Uhtred successfully kills Skorpa. They had reinforcements too. Date Once a sufficient force of levies had been raised, they marched to Edington, where Alfred engaged Guthrum's warriors in one final, definitive battle. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Edmund Ironside (left) fights Canute the Great (right). The Viking Invasions of England. This name continues to be used. Battle of Ethandun 878. Harold . Recently, however, the charitable organisation Wirral Archaeology argued the case for it having . The year is 878 AD, the embattled English king Alfred the Great has mounted a heroic defence at the battle of Edington, and blunted the Viking invasion. [40][41] Arguments for the alternative sites were generally name-based, although with the large interest in everything Alfredian in the 19th century, any site that had an Alfredian connection could be guaranteed large numbers of tourists, so this was also a driving force to find a link. They had reinforcements too. Sources and historical context. The annals for 893 reported that a large Viking army had landed in the Lympne Estuary, Kent and a smaller force had landed in the Thames estuary under the command of Danish king Hastein. Alfred gave a rousing speech to his men, urging them to fight against the rapacious Danes and show no mercy. In four months, the harshness of winter can be replaced by the the bright warmth of . Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. The Oxford Companion to British History. The reasoning to support the Eandun of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Ethandun of Asser's Life being Edington in Wiltshire is derived from a trail of information from ancient manuscripts. At a signal from Ivar, boulders were set aflame and loosed on the Saxon ranks, inflicting casualties. By May he was ready to attack again and encountered Guthrum's Danes at Edington, near Westbury on the Wiltshire downs. The Domesday Book of 1086 has an entry for Romsey Abbey holding land at Edendone in the county of Wiltshire at the time of Edward the Confessor (before 1066) and also in 1086, and this is known to be at Edington, Wiltshire. [26] Some scholars have suggested that Asser's life of King Alfred was a forgery. After the sacking of Lindisfarne, Viking raids around the coasts were somewhat sporadic until the 830s, when the attacks became more sustained. [18][19] In the seventh week after Easter, or between 4 and 7 May,[20] Alfred called a levy at Ecgbryhtesstan (Egbert's Stone). Guthrum, with two other unnamed kings, "departed for Cambridge in East Anglia". [26] A version of the Life, written in about 1000 and known as the Cotton Otho A.xii text, lasted until 1731, when it was destroyed in the fire at Ashburnham House. The event takes place in Season 6 Episode 20, The Last Act. This started in 875 when Guthrum's army "eluded the West Saxon levies and got into Wareham". The Battle of Edington was fought in May 878, when an army of West Saxons under King Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army under the Viking king Guthrum. Encyclopedia.com. The battle is won by the Saxons. The battle raged until, in the words of his biographer, Asser, Alfred "overthrew the pagans with great slaughter, and smiting the fugitives, he pursued them as far as the fortress. His victory was decisive, forcing Guthrum to withdraw from Wessex and agree to the division of England. [19] In addition, in 875 Guthrum had lost the support of other Danish lords, including Ivar and Ubba. The primary difference between this agreement and the treaties at Wareham and Exeter was that Alfred had decisively defeated the Danes at Edington, rather than just stopping them, and therefore it seemed more likely that they would keep to the terms of the treaty. 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