On the day set for the crossing of Mount Cadmus, Louis chose to take charge of the rear of the column, where the unarmed pilgrims and the baggage trains marched. [29], There is no claim that Eleanor invented courtly love, for it was a concept that had begun to grow before Eleanor's court arose. Eleanor of Aquitaine is thought to be the queen of England mentioned in the poem "Were diu werlt alle min," used as the tenth movement of Carl Orff's famous cantata, Carmina Burana.[42]. As soon as she arrived in Poitiers, Eleanor sent envoys to Henry, Duke of Normandy and future king of England, asking him to come at once to marry her. Born around 1122 or 1124 possibly in today's southern France, Eleanor was named for her mother, the Duchess Anor de Chtellerault. Among those startled by this development was King Louis, who was furious that neither party had asked his consent, which he would of course have refused. Henry Twins Played Mae Mobley. A now heavily pregnant Eleanor,[25] was crowned queen of England by Theobald of Bec, the Archbishop of Canterbury, on 19 December 1154. By all accounts, Eleanor's father ensured that she had the best possible education. "[33] Once her sons had left for Paris, Eleanor may have encouraged the lords of the south to rise up and support them.[9]. A biography of Henry II seemed like a natural sequel, and when Henry bursts onto the scene, it is impossible to ignore the woman at his side. Neither was heard of for over two months. As such, she was away from William, who had been left behind as a figurehead, when he passed away. Since Eleanor, 11 years her husbands senior, had long resented his infidelities, the revolt may have been instigated by her; in any case, she gave her sons considerable military support. He had met her in 1166 and had begun their liaison in 1173, supposedly contemplating divorce from Eleanor. She had her tomb placed abreast that she had commissioned for her husband, Henry, suggesting again a fondness that undermines the view of their relationship as fractious and difficult. In the 2003 television film version, Eleanor was played by Glenn Close alongside Patrick Stewart as Henry. Updated: 1:34 AM CST Feb 27, 2012. In the cost Henry incurred on her care, and her placement at one of her favourite castles at Old Sarum, there is little trace of the vindictive, wronged husband. Eleanor was suspected of instigating, or at least encouraging and facilitating, the revolt. He arrives near the end in earnest but has a couple of fascinating cameos earlier on. From there, "the younger Henry, devising evil against his father from every side by the advice of the French king, went secretly into Aquitaine where his two youthful brothers, Richard and Geoffrey, were living with their mother, and with her connivance, so it is said, he incited them to join him. As the heiress of the House of Poitiers, which controlled much of . . She is survived by her husband of over 76 years Chester, three . Please sign up to receive Sharon Kay Penman's newsletter to get the latest news and events. Their daughters were declared legitimate, custody was awarded to Louis, and Eleanor's lands were restored to her. The four published mysteries are the Queen's Man, Cruel as the Grave, Dragon's Lair, and Prince of Darkness. The war lasted two years (114244) and ended with the occupation of Champagne by the royal army. She preferred him to her grandson Arthur, Duke of Brittany because the latter had been raised under French wings, out of her control. Google Search Trends of Eleanor Henry Eleanor Henry's search trend from the last 12 months (The below graph report is directly fetched from the 'Google Trends' ): Yet despite his impending death, Louis's mind remained clear. This vase is the only object connected with Eleanor of Aquitaine that still survives. On 21 March, the four archbishops, with the approval of Pope Eugene, granted an annulment on grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree; Eleanor was Louis' third cousin once removed, and shared common ancestry with Robert II of France. The annulment gave Eleanor back Aquitaine and Poitou, which she took with her eight weeks later to Henry, Count of Anjou and Duke of Normandy, to whom, incidentally, she was just as closely related as she had been to Louis. As soon as the French archbishops had formally annulled her marriage on March 21st, Eleanor left the royal castle at Beaugency on the Loire, near Orleans, dodged an attempt to seize her by the Count of Blois and took a barge along the river towards Tours with an escort of her own men. Stephens oldest son died, his other son expressed no desire to become king, and Stephen adopted Henry as his son and appointed him heir to England. While there, the queen met with Bernard of Clairvaux, asking him to use his influence with the Pope to have the excommunication of Petronilla and Raoul lifted, in exchange for which King Louis would make concessions in Champagne and recognise Pierre de la Chatre as archbishop of Bourges. Eleanor secured her freedom by agreeing to his demands. This was duly lifted for long enough to allow Theobald's lands to be restored; it was then lowered once more when Raoul refused to repudiate Petronilla, prompting Louis to return to Champagne and ravage it once more. More than a thousand people who sought refuge in the church there died in the flames. Little is known of Eleanor's involvement in these events. Select this result to view Eleanor D Henry's phone number, address, and more. He possessed one of the largest domains in France, and upon his death in 1137 she inherited the duchy of Aquitaine. Continuing in the vein of Sharons routine support of other authors, Ive got a special treat to share. 2. Eleanor of Aquitaine was born about 1122, the daughter and heiress of William X, duke of Aquitaine and count of Poitiers. She was a patron of poets such as Wace, Benot de Sainte-Maure, and Bernart de Ventadorn. Eleanor had only one other legitimate sibling, a younger sister named Aelith (also called Petronilla). In July 1189, with the death of her estranged husband Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine was finally released from fifteen years of captivity. The death of her father left her an unmarried teenager and one of the greatest heiresses in Europe. She introduced those conventions in her own lands on the island of Olron in 1160 (with the "Rolls of Olron") and later in England as well. One of his first acts as king was to send William Marshal to England with orders to release Eleanor from prison; he found upon his arrival that her custodians had already released her. Rancon, however, chose to continue on, deciding in concert with Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Louis's uncle, that a nearby plateau would make a better campsite. Warned just in time, she avoided an ambush set by Henrys young brother Geoffrey, who hoped to advance his ambitions by marrying her himself, and arrived safely at her own capital of Poitiers. Louis became involved in a war with Count Theobald by permitting Raoul I, Count of Vermandois and seneschal of France, to repudiate his wife Eleanor of Blois, Theobald's sister, and to marry Petronilla of Aquitaine, Eleanor's sister. [39], Eleanor serves as an important allegorical figure in Ezra Pound's early Cantos.[40]. In Paris as the queen of France, she was called Helienordis, her honorific name as written in the Latin epistles. This notorious affair caused a monkish scribe to transcribe Rosamund's name in Latin to "Rosa Immundi", or "Rose of Unchastity". If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. [9][13][14] Louis donated the vase to the Basilica of St Denis. Either way, when Henry succeeded to the throne of England in 1154, the effect was to give the rulers of England a domain in France stretching from the English Channel to the Pyrenees and covering ten times as much of the country as the French kings themselves possessed. Evidence of the influence she wielded can also be found within the numerous letters she wrote to Pope Celestine III regarding Richard's captivity. In Sharon Kay Penman's Plantagenet novels, she figures prominently in When Christ and His Saints Slept, Time and Chance, and Devil's Brood, and also appears in Lionheart and A King's Ransom, both of which focus on the reign of her son, Richard, as king of England. Late in July 1156, Eleanor left England to join Henry in Anjou with her two younger children. Louis was outraged that his former wife, and vassal, had remarried without his permission. When his father's ring was sent to him, he begged that his father would show mercy to his mother, and that all his companions would plead with Henry to set her free. After their return to France and a short-lived reconciliation, their marriage was annulled in March 1152. Reputedly Eleanor then requested to stay with Raymond and brought up the matter of consanguinitythe fact that she and her husband, King Louis, were perhaps too closely related. Eleanor Henry has not appeared in the West End, Pioneer Theatre Company Presents THE LION IN WINTER, BWW Review: ALL IN THE FAMILY: THE LION IN WINTER, CPCC Theatre Hosts Auditions for The Lion in Winter 9/14, CPCC Theatre Hosts Auditions for The Lion in Winter 9/13-14. Eleanor Henry was born in 1685, in Calvert, Maryland, United States as the daughter of John Henry. That made Eleanor a target, and I think it is through this lens that we need to view later criticisms of her, not to mention sordid stories that began to do the rounds. The Crusade itself achieved little. Archbishop Samson received assurances from Louis that Eleanor's lands would be restored to her. Henry joined her in Poitiers and they were married in the cathedral on Whit Sunday in a simple ceremony with none of the pomp and splendour that might have been expected. By this marriage she hoped to ensure peace between the Plantagenets of England and the Capetian kings of France. Later that year she married and soon became queen of France. Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Henry of Anjou. Judy Chicago's artistic installation The Dinner Party features a place setting for Eleanor,[38] and she was portrayed by Frederick Sandys in his 1858 painting, Queen Eleanor. [9][16], Possessing a high-spirited nature, Eleanor was not popular with the staid northerners; according to sources, Louis's mother Adelaide of Maurienne thought her flighty and a bad influence. Her life was portrayed on BBC Radio 4 in the drama series Eleanor Rising, with Rose Basista as Eleanor and Joel MacCormack as King Louis. Eleanor had been Queen of France, a mother to two daughters, and had been on the Second Crusade to the Holy Land, spending Easter in Jerusalem, before she encountered Henry in Paris. Eleanor has her eyes open, watchful still. [12][37] William of Newburgh emphasised the charms of her person, and even in her old age Richard of Devizes described her as beautiful, while Matthew Paris, writing in the 13thcentury, recalled her "admirable beauty". In December 1154, Henry and Eleanor arrived in England for their joint coronation. In 1167, Eleanor's third daughter, Matilda, married Henry the Lion of Saxony. Still without a son and in danger of being left with no male heir, as well as facing substantial opposition to Eleanor from many of his barons and her own desire for annulment, Louis bowed to the inevitable. Arthur learned of her whereabouts and besieged her in the castle of Mirebeau. Accordingly, by mid-afternoon, the rear of the columnbelieving the day's march to be nearly at an endwas dawdling. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. They now oversaw territories that sprawled from Hadrians Wall to the south of France. Contemporary sources praise Eleanor's beauty. The king of France, known as Louis the Fat, was also gravely ill at that time, suffering from a bout of dysentery from which he appeared unlikely to recover. It may have been largely to teach manners, something the French courts would be known for in later generations. "[31], In March 1173, aggrieved at his lack of power and egged on by Henry's enemies, his son by the same name, the younger Henry, launched the Revolt of 11731174. The production runs from January 4 -19, 2019. In June 1144, the king and queen visited the newly built monastic church at Saint-Denis. Henry and Eleanor are the main characters in James Goldman's 1966 play The Lion in Winter, which was made into a film in 1968 starring Peter O'Toole as Henry and Katharine Hepburn in the role of Eleanor, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress Motion Picture Drama. He claims that Eleanor, her daughter Marie, Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne, and Isabelle of Flanders would sit and listen to the quarrels of lovers and act as a jury to the questions of the court that revolved around acts of romantic love. Eleanor of Aquitaine (1137-1152) was one of the most powerful and influential figures of the Middle Ages. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. Check out Eleanor Henry's Bio Now Marriage to Henry II and administration of England, Armand-Jean du Plessis, cardinal et duc de Richelieu, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eleanor-of-Aquitaine, World History Encyclopedia - Eleanor of Aquitaine, The Ohio State University - eHistory - Eleanor of Aquitaine, Heritage History - Biography of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Eleanor of Aquitaine - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Eleanor of Aquitaine, Richard I, and Henry II. Her parents' marriage had been arranged by Dangereuse with her paternal grandfather WilliamIX. The couple married on Whitsun, 18 May 1152. Searching to find out more about Eleanor Henry? This, and her known age of 82 at her death make 1122 the most likely year of her birth. Tempe - Eleanor C. Henry age 95 beloved wife, mother, grandmother, aunt and friend passed away on March 11, 2020. This is Stephanie, your trusty page administrator and the trustee of Sharons social media. Daughter and heiress of William X, Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou, she was beautiful, wanton, capricious, sophisticated, highly intelligent and accustomed to having her own way. Eleanors latest biographer, Alison Weir, suspects that Eleanor and Henry had been plotting since they met in Paris the previous summer and that Eleanor had deliberately encouraged the annulment of her marriage to Louis. Most recently, she was portrayed by Eileen Atkins in Robin Hood (2010). The exhausted Eleanor went to Fontevraud, where she remained. He was interred at the feet of the tomb of his great-grandfather, Henry I, in Westminster Abbey. Her marriage to Louis was annulled amid rumours that she had indulged in an affair with her uncle, Raymond, Prince of Antioch whilst in the Holy Land. If you will promise to do this, I in return promise to entreat the merciful Lord to grant you offspring." The play premiered on Broadway in 1966 and was adapted into an Academy Award-winning movie. A marriage between Henry and Eleanor's daughter Marie had earlier been declared impossible due to their status as third cousins once removed. In her attendance at celebrations where their sons were present, there seems little fear on Henrys part that she might try again to incite an uprising. Top 3 Results for Eleanor Henry in PA. 1. The consequences for the subsequent history of English ambitions in France were profound. Learn how and when to remove this template message, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress Motion Picture Drama, The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men, Berengaria, queen regnant of Castile and queen of Len, The Oxford Companion to English Literature, https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/williamofnewburgh-two.asp#7, "A letter From Eleanor of Aquitaine to Pope Celestine III (1193)", "Blogging Pound's The Cantos: Cantos VI and VII", "Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Brother Who Never Was", Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Four Kings (1978 edition), Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Biography; (1991 edition), "Royal manuscript patronage in late Ducal Normandy? During her imprisonment, Eleanor became more and more distant from her sons, especially from Richard, who had always been her favourite. Now 77, Eleanor set out from Poitiers. She was the great patron of the two dominant poetic movements of the time: the courtly love tradition, conveyed in the romantic songs of the troubadours, and the historical matire de Bretagne, or legends of Brittany, which originated in Celtic traditions and in the Historia regum Britanniae, written by the chronicler Geoffrey of Monmouth sometime between 1135 and 1138. The first series of five 15-minute episodes was broadcast in November 2020, a second series in April 2021, and a third series of two 60 minute episodes in September 2022.[41]. Louis VII had set Eleanor aside, and there had been efforts to blame her for their lack of a son and heir. Eleanor became the heir presumptive to her father's domains. He then went to his uncle Robert, Earl of Gloucester, who also declined to help him out of the fix he was in. [9] Even in an era when ladies of the nobility were excessively praised, their praise of her was undoubtedly sincere. [16] She may not have been anointed on this occasion, however, because she had already been anointed in 1137. [Berman 228.][why?]) He and Eleanor were anointed and crowned king and queen of France on Christmas Day of the same year. Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122 - 1 April 1204; French: Alinor d'Aquitaine, pronounced [aljen dakitn]) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII, Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until her death in 1204. Just outside Poitiers she was ambushed and held captive by Hugh IX of Lusignan, whose lands had been sold to HenryII by his forebears. Searching to find out more about Eleanor Henry? Although Eleanor held no formal office in England during this period, she arrived in England in the company of Coutances in June 1191, and for the remainder of Richard's absence, she exercised a considerable degree of influence over the affairs of England as well as the conduct of Prince John. Breakdown. This tragedy was too much for the elderly queen, who was fatigued and unable to continue to Normandy. Hi Friends! Join Facebook to connect with Eleanor Henry and others you may know. Her contribution to England extended beyond her own lifetime; after the loss of Normandy (1204), it was her own ancestral lands and not the old Norman territories that remained loyal to England. Her four-year-old brother William Aigret and their mother died at the castle of Talmont on Aquitaine's Atlantic coast in the spring of 1130. The death of William, one of the king's most powerful vassals, made available the most desirable duchy in France. During Richard's absence, royal authority in England was represented by a Council of Regency in conjunction with a succession of chief justiciarsWilliam de Longchamp (11901191), Walter deCoutances (11911193), and finally Hubert Walter. She bore him two daughters, went on crusade with him and ordered him about until her infidelities and her failure to produce an heir proved too much. There was an odd series of standoffs, and a refusal to fight that is usually put down to nobles tired of the ongoing wars. 18 people named Eleanor Henry found in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island and Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City. John instructed his mother to travel to Castile to select one of the princesses. She seems to have exerted a great deal of influence over Louis, something his councillors and courtiers resented. Continue with Recommended Cookies. "Young Henry", son of Henry and Eleanor, wed Margaret, daughter of Louis from his second marriage. When Eleanor died in 1204 at the age of 80, she elected to be buried where she had spent her final years, at Fontevraud Abbey. If there was an assumption that she wasnt up to the task, that only drove her harder to prove that she was. Sometime between the end of March and the beginning of May, Eleanor left Poitiers, but was arrested and sent to the king at Rouen. He records some twenty-one cases, the most famous of them being a problem posed to the women about whether true love can exist in marriage. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). She died in 1204 at the monastery at Fontevrault, Anjou, where she had retired after the campaign at Mirebeau. Eleanor, nearly 80 years old, fearing the disintegration of the Plantagenet domain, crossed the Pyrenees in 1200 in order to fetch her granddaughter Blanche from the court of Castile and marry her to the son of the French king.
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